| Written by Dr.Md.Redwanul Huq (Masum) |
| Monday, 16 January 2012 12:46 |
Development of children means achievement and maturation of skills, behavior and values on the part of growing child.
Developmental milestones from birth to 5 years:
Developmental milestones of newborn children are –
| Age |
Physical, Language and Speech |
Emotional |
Social |
| Birth to 1 month |
Sensory capabilities: making basic distinctions in vision, hearing, smelling, touch, tasting, temperature, and perception of pain.Feedings: 5-8 per daySleep: 20 hrs per day | Tension (Generalized) | Fed by mother,Helpless |
| 2-3 months | Motor capacity: tracking a moving object with their eyes raising head while lying on stomach.Sensory capabilities: color perception, visual searching, oral exploration.Sounds: cries, grunts, coos | Distress | Smiles at a face |
| 4-6 months | Motor capacity: control of head and arm movements, purposive grasping, rolling overSensory capabilities: developing color vision, localizes soundsSounds: babbling, making most vowels and about half of the consonants
Feedings: 3-5 per day |
Take pleasure in being embraced | Recognizes mother. Distinguishes between familiar persons and strangers.Expects feeding, dressing and bathing. |
| 7-9 months | Motor capacity: control of trunk and hands, sits without taking any support, crawling, pulling up, starting solid foods, stands | Definite emotional connection to mother. | Protests taking apart from mother. |
| 10-12 months | Motor capacity: control of legs and feet, trying to walk or taking first steps, creeps, apposition of thumb and fore-fingerLanguage: says one or two words, imitates sounds and responds to simple commands.Feedings: 3 meals, 2 snacks
Sleep: 12 hours, 2 naps |
Affection, fear of strangers, curiosity, searching | Responsive to own name, signal bye-bye, plays with toys, understands “no-no”, gives and takes things. |
| 1-1½ years | Motor capacity: creeps up stairs, walks (10-20 min), makes lines on paper with colored chalk. Language: understanding several words. | Becomes very disappointed when separated from mother, fear of bathing | Obeys some degree of commands, says again few words,Feeds himself,interested in his mirror image. |
| 1½ -2 years | Motor capacity: runs, kicks ball, capable of bowel and bladder control.Language: vocabulary of more than 200 wordsSleep: 12 hours at night, 1-2 hours nap | Temper tantrums | Dislike new baby,does opposite of what he has told |
| 2-3 years | Motor capacity: canjump off a step, rides a tricycleLanguage: starts to use short sentences,controls and discovers world with language, fear of separation | Negativistic,violent emotions, anger, sorrow and joy,sense of humor | Talks, clinging, copies parents’ actions, dependent, enjoys playing alongside another child, opposes parental demands, gives orders, firm insistence on sameness of routine. |
| 3-4 years | Motor capacity: Stands on his one leg, jumps up and down, draws a circle and a cross | Self-reliant in many routines of home life, affectionate to parents,enjoyment in genital manipulation, romantic attachment to parent of opposite sex, jealousy of same-sex parent. | Likes to share with others, cooperative play with other children, intense curiosity & concentration to other children’s bodies,imaginary friend. |
| 4-5 years | Motor capacity: mature motor control, dresses himself, broad jumps, copies a square and a triangle.Language: talks clearly, uses adult speech sounds, relates a story, vocabulary of more than 2000 words | Liability and guilt,feels pride in achievement | Favors play with other children, becomes competitive. |
